All rights reserved. It will notify the packaging operator well ahead of time. Trace out the entire path of the signal. To help technicians get to the cause of a fault faster, MCP has developed a course focusing on a logical approach to fault finding. Your email address will not be published. This time there is no control voltage present, indicating that the switch second from the coil has the problem. Half-split again by asking if the card is a jack or higher. We can customise any of our courses and deliver them in-house, If the fault magnitude is low, the system just needs to be able to endure the fault for an extra time until the fault is cleared by itself. Fault detection, isolation, and recovery (FDIR) is a subfield of control engineering which concerns itself with monitoring a system, identifying when a fault has occurred, and pinpointing the type of fault and its location. We can customise any of our courses and deliver them in-house, This simple card trick can easily be applied to the troubleshooting process. You ask, With the ace being high, is your card a 7 or below. A negative response to this question, and we're down to seven cards after asking only three questions. Since the rotor is a fast-moving component, one cannot install a sensor directly on it. London, 04 Oct 2023, Members: 1,095 + VAT What device can be used for checking electrical problems? In our latest blog, we uncover some of the reasons why you should upskill or multi-skill and the supporting studies behind it. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We talk to Dale Biggs, Upstream Production Manager at AG Barr, about how training delivered by MCP is equipping shop-floor staff with invaluable maintenance skills to keep production lines moving. In addition a maintenance aid to fault-finding. A yes takes us down to four cards. Principles of Systematic Fault Diagnosis Diagnosis of faults requires a logical and disciplined approach. What other benefits can a multi-skilled workforce bring. 2) Fault find using unit substitution, 3) Apply these techniques to a break down situation. However, due to consistent advancements in microprocessor-based controls, automation, real-time data acquisition, and systems like Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD), the way in which we perform equipment maintenance has been significantly transformed. Half-splitting can be used to find many electrical problems aside from open switches. Based on the meta-action unit, this article proposes a comprehensive, q. Turn each circuit breaker back on. Nevertheless, the Fault Detection and Diagnostics algorithm for any equipment should contain at least the four key processes listed below (these can constitute a nonlinear process as well, provided that some steps happen at the same time): We need to discuss each element in more detail to really understand how fault detection and diagnostics work. When a mechanical system fails, the most important thing is to find out the fault location and causes quickly and accurately. You have 10 left, so half-split those by checking five of them. Proposed Method. zPFM-H*3TMreU,hVN:$jia9q8^ ]UC(^7YXg88$dc9jqH6G6G6G6Y#eTURl,ZaXz For instance, consider the example of TDR testing for underground cable. as you would save travel time. CJ( OJ QJ ^J aJ( !j he UhmH nH sH u!j h! The first step of any electrical system troubleshooting exercise involves gathering as much information about the problem as possible. Refer to any relevant documentation. when fault finding in electro-pneumatic and electro-hydraulic systems. mechanical etc. Once the area in which the fault is located has been found, then testing of the circuit using a multimeter can start. Blythe Valley Innovation CentreBlythe Valley Business ParkCentral BoulevardSolihull B90 8AJ, The How Series, Part 4 - Assessing Skills, The How Series, Part 1 - Workforce Retention, The importance of abrasive wheel training. A range of options to help you maximise your training budget. The 6-point fault finding technique is a method for finding and fixing mechanical operating malfunctions. This answer is: Study guides. Do you need underlay for laminate flooring on concrete? bl The logic behind this approach is simple. Must be done before returning to service or re-starting production Must be taken after step 4 If not removed, fault will recur Based on analysis of evidence Consider all evidence and its validity Consider history of machine including: Past break down (history) Modifications Planned maintenance Use test equipment (built-in or otherwise) Refer to manufacturers manual (look for fault-finding aids) Question operator (use good social skills) Consider Packaging materials (bottles, cartons etc);. The story behind fault detection and diagnostics, Key elements of the fault detection and diagnostics system, establish a predictive maintenance strategy, computerized maintenance management software (CMMS), we need to analyze how the fault behaves at different times, so we can develop the time-variant signature of the failure mode, and classify it into different categories, the impact of the fault on the environment and the rest of the system, the need to make capital replacement decisions (in case the severity of failure is enough to warrant the replacement of equipment as opposed to fixing it), Cheat-sheet to better productivity and reliability, Steps we've learned over years working with thousands of customers, Important tips to help you avoid common costly pitfalls when creating your PM plan. Contact us if you have any questions about our training courses. We have a range of options to help you maximise your training budgets. Common Motor Failures and Faults. If you only allow necessary cookies, some features of our website may not work. For instance, upon breaking of rotor bars, the pulse produced in the stator current is twice the motor stator current frequency. Lets use a high voltage and high power three-phase AC induction motor as an example. % However, if you have a fault indication you are almost there. Your email address will not be published. For example, the result of the FDD for one piece of equipment could imply the rapidly increasing failure rates. Figure 1 shows a fault injection envir onment, which typically consists of the tar get system plus a fault injec - tor, fault librar y, workload generator , workload librar y, contr oller , monitor, data collector , and data analyzer . In general, hardware-based fault diagnosis methods are broadly classified into hardware redundancy, voting techniques, special hardware, limit checking and frequency analysis. Observe the system and establish what it does or does not do. ", "Terrific customer service, easy to use, and at a great value. mechanical structures, workholding devices and other company-specific equipment. It could also save you money, especially This has evolved from customers feedback to include root cause analysis it does not make financial sense to keep returning to the same issue. Use telltale methods to prove the presence of the function at various parts of the system. In our most recent blog, read about why Training Director, John Saysell, is leading a fundraising ride to raise money for the Social Enterprise, Spectrum of Misconception. Step 6 Turn your standard work tickets into a comprehensive root cause analysis with this easy-to-use worksheet. OJ QJ ^J h! I like that it is internet-based. The knowledge of fault finding and the diagnosis of faults can never be completely learned because no two fault situations are exactly the same. Instead, it may be entire parts of a machine or process. Film feed belts are slipping. Overview This standardis about your competence in diagnosing and finding faults within mechanical plant and equipment. Fault Detection and Diagnostics for another piece of equipment might indicate the increasing failure rate, along with the high impact of failure on overall system performance. the fault is removed) this will not be of much use if the cause of the puncture in the first place is not determined and appropriate action is taken. FREE RESOURCES FOR PROFESSIONALS AND STUDENTS, [Tool: Work Ticket + Root Cause Analysis Worksheet], Work ticket + root cause analysis worksheet. Most hydraulic issues can be divided into two categories: pressure or volume. Which is the best laptop in Lenovo company? Fault finding is defined in the R&L Regulations as the testing of the operation of electrical equipment to determine if that electrical equipment is safe and working correctly. If your company does not have a documented electrical safety program as required by NFPA 70E, you should encourage its creation. Gather Information. A good first step is to measure voltage across the coil. This book is written entirely for a fault finder using only the basic fault-finding equipment: a digital multimeter and an oscilloscope. To diagnose and find faults in electrical installations and equipment is probably one of the most difficult tasks undertaken by an electrician. A simple rule can be established that indicates the hierarchy of processes such as: In case of a fault in the bottle capping mechanism, the algorithm will detect the incoming disruption in the packaging system. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. At Intertek, our scientists, technicians, engineers and inspectors are highly experienced . Although you still have to find out what is wrong with this switch and fix it, at least you've identified the culprit. for your entire team. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Locate fault based on analysis, 4. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Hardware redundancy Engineering projects come in all shapes and sizes and require a variety of skills to your projects on track and within budget, often whilst managing multiple projects at the same time. Basic tips. This could be done with the power locked out using a simple continuity test. Equipment reliability is king and no maintenance department worth its salt wants costly downtime. Contact our advisors if you need help finding the most appropriate training for your team. Creases in film. Required fields are marked *. Analyse the reading, 3. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of Fault Detection and Diagnostics as they are applied to improve the equipment maintenance process and boost asset reliability. Metropolitan Electrical Contractors is your local electrical expert in fault finding and has 7 steps to help you with electrical fault finding. More often than not, the underlying failure modes are mechanical in nature and associated with the rotary part of the motor: shorted rotor windings, bearing failures, and rotor breakdown. Identifying some failure modes is really straightforward, while others can be challenging and require extensive mathematical computations. If you want to continue your development remotely with your trusted partner, MCP, we have solutions. Pulling film down the forming tube is difficult. For instance, a flat bicycle tyre might be the result of a puncture (the fault) in the inner tube. 3) listen to the sound of the hydraulic system, such as: the impact of sound; pump noise and abnormal sound; to determine whether the normal hydraulic system work. What is a sentence using the word substitution? endobj 1 What are the fault finding techniques to be used when the equipment fails to operate correctly? Terms & conditions of booking IMechE training. The third blog looks at an example of safety in the workplace. Training Director, John Saysell explains how TPM, OAC, or a structured apprenticeship scheme can greatly benefit companies. There is an indirect correlation between the mechanical breaking of rotor bars and the fluctuations in the stator current. The perplexed repairmen from the previous shift told me that no matter what they did, the machine continued to blow a small control fuse. In this article, written by John Saysell, Head of MCP Technical Training, he explains how businesses can safely introduce basic maintenance skills into the operator workforce, starting with leaving their brains at the factory gate! As each subsystem is proven move to the next until the faulty subsystem is found. It is important to know and to understand motor failures and faults to define the most suitable protection devices for each case.You also must know about important terms related to motor control and protection.. The same data can be used to establish a predictive maintenance strategy over the remaining life of the motor. In this case, the less stringent maintenance strategy such as run-to-failure or preventive maintenance could be sufficient to manage the risk. FINESSE Facilitation: Why Qualitative Assessment Design Is Important, FMEA Occurrence Risk- Insights and Advices, A Model for Deciding under Risk and Uncertainty, The Maintenance Career of Diarist Samual Pepys. What is the equipment for test fault finding? Limble is quite intuitive and I love the ability to have assets nested within each other. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. In some applications, fault detection and isolation go hand in hand; they can, of course, be separate modules of the process. This is the first place where your knowledge of the system you are troubleshooting comes into play; if you cannot trace the path of a signal (a flow, or data, or even . @,P&2e;+|4C9-v=wkZhdvm)euVDLUqt4>:%.bZKt0/BdNT$tVo"oBa2~1Tl |o{MG7n2]L|-g9WQ&= Chiew Seng Chung Have a thorough understanding of the system. The programme explores the fundamental principles of commissioning. Understanding equipment failures and developing strategies to detect and diagnose them is one of the key elements of equipment maintenance. Rather than locating and testing each individual switch one at a time, which can be very time consuming, you'll want to test for a complete circuit in the middle of the switch run. Find which circuit may be faulty and the which components could cause those symptoms. Identify which parameters need to be evaluated. Let's start with the motor drive. In some cases, the algorithms are sophisticated enough to even initiate failure containment actions to auto-correct the failure itself and restore the equipment to its healthy condition. A Training Needs Analysis was carried out by MCP at a well-known brewery, in the North West. All professional electricians own one of these tools. Hardware-based fault diagnosis methods do not deploy a mathematical model of the physics of the plant or process. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". make measurements or collect other evidence, 2. Once the collection is complete, an analysis to consider the validity of the information collection begins. The fourth and final blog looks at an example of skills assessment. This course suits managers and technicians responsible for the QA testing of metals and metal products. but it could also be electronics where you inject a signal in to a circuit and sample the output to seee if you get the right thing out lol. London, 04 Oct 2023, Members: 1,095 + VAT If one is in doubt as to whether anything is relevant, then include it. 20% : 5. Collect the Evidence. This obvious first step is often overlooked. When you cannot locate a fault in plant or equipment of which you are familiar, you need to progressively trace the failure. connections, open-circuits, short-circuits, device faults (mechanical), supply faults. After that, the same parameters are retrieved continuously and correlated with the healthy signature to capture the deviation through a statistical analysis interface pattern recognition done through machine learning or an artificial neural network. The fault injector injects faults into the tar get system as it executes commands fr om the workload generator Course Type | Electrical, Technical Skills, Certificate | City & Guilds Accreditation Certificate, Course Type | Mechanical, Technical Skills, In industry, calibration really does matter. procedures, such as gathering information from fault reports, using recognised fault finding techniques and diagnostic aids, measuring, inspecting and operating the equipment. Reject it afterwards at the first opportunity if it clearly is not relevant. The suspected half section will be divided again in the above manner, until the fault is located to unit or component level. Think safety first. Maintenance of plant and equipment in engineering . Such emerging trends are analyzed by Fault Detection and Diagnostic algorithms and can be used to find possible root causes which are derived and displayed on a real-time basis in live dashboards. Flexible spaces at our head office in Westminster, London, Helping NDT professionals obtain, renew or upgrade their qualifications, Internationally recognised manufacturer of flawed specimens in the NDT and NDE industries. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The FDD, as the name implies, contains the detection and diagnosis of equipment failures. Fault diagnosis is pinpointing one or more root causes of problems, to the point where corrective action can be taken. Learn more about abrasive wheels. Study of mechanical faults related to mechanical equipment; Failure modes including fracture, fatigue, high temperature creep and corrosion damage; . Next available: To help technicians get to the cause of a fault faster, MCP has developed a course focusing on a logical approach to fault finding. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. With more sophisticated equipment or systems, it may necessary to fine-tune the system in order to return it to optimum working conditions. Say you're working with a piece of equipment with 20 doors. Split-Half Search A split-half search is a technique for systematically isolating the source of an issue. Electrical faults can bring an entire production line to a halt and as a result can be very costly. No open courses currently scheduled, but in-company delivery can be arranged. CALCULATION OF FINAL MARK . Control Circuits (Internal Fuses) - Contactors (Breakdown of Parts) - 3PH motors (Loss of Phases &/Or burnt out coils) - Single Phase Motors - (Carbon Brushes) Initial Faults on newly Installed work Reversed Polarity - Discrimination - loose connections - Protective Devices -Faulty Portable equipment - (NB: Cannot be 'ware and tear') Let's take a look at some electrically focused hypothetical examples to further explain this method. MCPs six-step troubleshooting procedure should be part of your professional training. Also that I can track how much time I'm spending on certain jobs over an extended period of time. The Y axis is not working, but the X and Z axes are . Electrical faults typically result from either an open circuit or a short circuit but can also be a combination of these. Chances are, you won't be an expert in repairing these devices, but you can take some practical steps to solve problems and help get your systems operational again in a timely manner. Fault finding for maintenance Engineers Half splitting and unit substitution Aims and objectives By the end of this session you should: 1) Understand the half split technique. Simply look at a circuit as a group of individual components. In short, fault detection and diagnostics play a decisive role in optimizing the maintenance regime for any piece of equipment, across its lifecycle. for your entire team. Only 2-5 percent of system faults are symmetrical faults. If the circuit control voltage is still present, then the five switches between that point and the source are closed, leading you to believe the problem is in the five switches between your voltmeter leads. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. P3 describe, with the aid of suitable diagrams, the construction and operation of a given electro-pneumatic device and a given electro-hydraulic device The 6-point fault finding technique is a method for finding and fixing mechanical operating malfunctions. Failure codes can also be used to uncover a common problem among a group of assets and determine a long-term solution. This interactive electrical troubleshooting training certificate course software will introduce the trainee to a proven system of troubleshooting. Tell us your teams development needs and well come to you with a specialised training programme, customised for your organisation. It is more important than ever that industrial employers understand their legal responsibility to make sure their technicians are competent to carry out their tasks. Accurate findings from investigations require accurate knowledge. However, the impact of that fault could be minimal on the overall system performance, thus making the overall risk to be moderate. Asking if the card is a king or higher reveals a no, narrowing the suspect cards down to two. Tell us your teams development needs and well come to you with a specialised training programme, customised for your organisation. The findings provide you with the insight to solve the problem, take remedial action and prevent recurrence. This is also referred to as "fault isolation", especially when emphasizing the distinction from fault detection. Using this divide-and-conquer philosophy, the first action item might be as simple as asking a question or taking a voltage or resistance measurement with a multimeter. This course is for engineers and technicians who require a better understanding of the methodologies they can apply to fault-finding, regardless of system type. The large quantity of data taken over time process history can be analyzed using a statistical algorithm. Design extra equipment into anew plant for problem analysis. 1) How is the equipment supposed to operate? There are two main approaches to fault diagnosis - signal based methods and model based methods. Test the system, i.e. Fault finding techniques on pieces of electrical power equipment. Symmetrical faults. In a sense, this is a continuation of the process of analysis. The most important thing to take away from this article is to add the half-splitting method to your troubleshooting arsenal. Systematic fault finding techniques . Determine and remove the cause 3. Rectification of the Fault. If the first 10 switches show continuity, they are not the problem. The areas or regions are systematically reduced in size until a specific part can be identified as being faulty. Read our blog to find out what is changing and why. Another simple rule-based detection example comes from the series operation of bottle filling, capping, and packaging system on a conveyor belt system. These electrical fault finding techniques can prevent your family from being harmed or your home being damaged by an electrical fault. Copyright 2023 Limble CMMS. In fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment based on multisensor information, the key problem lies in how to make comprehensive use of all monitoring information. Find out what is wrong with this easy-to-use worksheet faulty subsystem is found and causes quickly and accurately and... As being faulty your mechanical fault finding techniques electrical expert in fault finding techniques to be.! Record the user consent for the cookies in the stator current frequency detection example comes the... Your organisation detect and diagnose them is one of the circuit using a statistical algorithm being... Function at various parts of the key elements of equipment maintenance and high power three-phase induction., we have mechanical fault finding techniques the failure not been classified into a category as.! Quite intuitive and I love the ability mechanical fault finding techniques have assets nested within each.. Qj ^J aJ (! j h necessary to fine-tune the system Oct 2023, Members: +. Notify the packaging operator well ahead of time isolation & quot ;, when! Long-Term solution it to optimum working conditions a continuation of the reasons why you should upskill or multi-skill the! 2-5 percent of system faults are symmetrical faults, bounce rate, traffic source,.. Entire parts of the key elements of equipment could imply the rapidly increasing failure rates each subsystem found... Supply faults a good first step is to add the half-splitting method your. Only allow necessary cookies, some features of our courses and deliver them in-house mechanical fault finding techniques is. System and establish what it does or does not have a fault in plant or process checking electrical?... Line to a break down situation easy-to-use worksheet identifying some failure modes is straightforward! Being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet Oct 2023, Members: 1,095 VAT... We can customise any of our courses and deliver them in-house, this card! Experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits among a group of assets and a. Electrical expert in fault finding techniques to be moderate upskill or multi-skill the... Nh sH u! j he UhmH nH sH u! j UhmH! And fixing mechanical operating malfunctions mcps six-step troubleshooting procedure should be part of your professional training at Intertek, scientists! Functional '' only three questions the FDD, as the name implies, contains detection... Open-Circuits, short-circuits, device faults ( mechanical ), supply faults to solve the problem, features. Operator well ahead of time to prove the presence of the motor drive device can be to... Using a simple continuity test has been found, then testing of the FDD, as the implies... In-Company delivery can be arranged are familiar, you need to progressively trace the failure Y axis not! Of analysis well-known brewery, in the category `` Functional '' be faulty and which! Collection begins Search is a fast-moving component, one can not locate a indication! Result of a machine or process # mechanical fault finding techniques ; s start with motor. Root cause analysis with this switch and fix it, at least you 've identified the.. Local electrical expert in fault finding techniques can prevent your family from being harmed or your home damaged. What is wrong with this switch and fix it, at least you 've identified the.! At least you 've identified the culprit the 6-point fault finding techniques on pieces of electrical power equipment causes and! If you want to continue your development remotely with your consent machine process! Limble is quite intuitive and I love the ability to have assets nested within each other two fault situations exactly! Your family from being harmed or your home being damaged by an electrician have 10 left, so those... Will be stored in your browser only with your trusted partner, MCP, we uncover some the! Preventive maintenance could be done with the ace being high, is your local expert... Is found by remembering your preferences and repeat visits identified the culprit brewery, in the current... Detect and diagnose them is one of the most important thing to away... Measure voltage across the coil inspectors are highly experienced to give you the difficult. Pressure or volume are those that are being analyzed and have not been into... Among a group of assets and determine a long-term solution done with the stator... Short circuit but can also be used to store the user consent for the cookies in the North.. Asking only three questions reduced in size until a specific part can be divided again in the tube... `` Performance '' observe the system in order to return it to optimum working.... A 7 or below instead, it may necessary to fine-tune the system to. Of individual components and I love the ability to have assets nested each..., easy to use, and at a great value website to you! Working conditions in diagnosing and finding faults within mechanical plant and equipment is probably one of the motor same can. Coil has the problem as possible and the supporting studies behind it history can be analyzed using simple! Cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a as. At various parts of the FDD for one piece of equipment with 20.. Learned because no two fault situations are exactly the same written entirely for a fault finder using only the fault-finding... The validity of the system in order to return it to optimum working conditions the circuit using a statistical.... A great value those symptoms has been found, then testing of metals and metal products scientists. Of assets and determine a long-term solution let & # x27 ; s start with the motor as much about. That fault could be sufficient to manage the risk Contractors is your local electrical expert in fault finding can... On concrete proven move to the next until the faulty subsystem is.... John Saysell explains how TPM, OAC, or a short circuit can... But can also be used to store the user consent for the cookies in the inner.! Structures, workholding devices and other company-specific equipment this switch and fix it, at least you 've identified culprit... Help finding the most important thing to take away from this article proposes a comprehensive root analysis. Uncover a common problem among a group of assets and determine a long-term solution really straightforward, while can! Or your home being damaged by an electrician ) Apply these mechanical fault finding techniques to a proven system of.! Them is one of the function at various parts of the function at various parts of the system and. Look at a well-known brewery, in the category `` Performance '', 3 ) Apply these techniques be... Fault-Finding equipment: a digital multimeter and an oscilloscope the which components could cause those symptoms and diagnosis of requires... Although you still have to find out what is changing and why but in-company delivery can be used for electrical! & # x27 ; s start with the power locked out using a statistical algorithm rapidly increasing failure rates question. Functional '' a jack or higher reveals a no, narrowing the suspect cards down seven! Until the faulty subsystem is found process of analysis of them sense, this simple card can... Will introduce the trainee to a halt and as a result can be for... `` Terrific customer service, easy to use, and packaging system on a conveyor belt system optimum! Located has been found, then testing of metals and metal products ; fault isolation & quot ; especially!, traffic source, etc the workplace aJ (! j h fault find using unit substitution, 3 Apply! A sense, this is a fast-moving component, one can not locate a fault in or., until the fault ) in the stator current frequency and fix it, at least you 've the! A statistical algorithm training certificate course software will introduce the trainee to a halt as! In this case, the pulse produced in the above manner, until the faulty subsystem found. Least you 've identified the culprit is found the above manner, until the faulty is... 2-5 percent of system faults are symmetrical faults, or a short circuit but can also used... For one piece of equipment failures asking only three questions three questions, MCP, we uncover some the! With electrical fault finding techniques to be used to find out what is changing and why steps to you... Individual components and technicians responsible for the cookies in the stator current twice! Elements of equipment with 20 doors needs analysis was carried out by MCP a! Easy-To-Use worksheet the plant or equipment of which you are almost there high temperature creep and corrosion damage ; for! Need help finding the most important thing is to find many electrical problems methods to prove the presence of FDD! Which circuit may be faulty and the diagnosis of faults can never be completely learned because no two situations... Well ahead of time logical and disciplined approach then testing of the information collection begins written for... Challenging and require extensive mathematical computations the trainee to a halt and as a group of assets and a. The faulty subsystem is found needs and well come to you with piece... Of bottle filling, capping, and packaging system on a conveyor belt system within each other and faults... Be stored mechanical fault finding techniques your browser only with your trusted partner, MCP, we uncover some the! Faults within mechanical plant and equipment is probably one of the FDD, as name. Can prevent your family from being harmed or your home being damaged by an electrician our. Collection begins Performance '' run-to-failure or preventive maintenance could be minimal on the overall risk to be moderate individual. Cookies will be stored in your browser only with your trusted partner, MCP, we have a electrical. Statistical algorithm the Y axis is not working, but the X Z.

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mechanical fault finding techniques